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History of research ships : ウィキペディア英語版 | History of research ships
The research ship had origins in the early voyages of exploration. By the time of James Cook's ''Endeavour'', the essentials of what today we would call a research ship are clearly apparent. In 1766, the Royal Society hired Cook to travel to the Pacific Ocean to observe and record the transit of Venus across the Sun.〔James Cook at the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica〕 The ''Endeavour'' was a sturdy boat, well designed and equipped for the ordeals she would face, and fitted out with facilities for her "research" personnel, Joseph Banks. And, as is common with contemporary research vessels, ''Endeavour'' carried out more than one kind of research, including comprehensive Hydrographic survey work. Some other notable early research vessels were HMS ''Beagle'', RV ''Calypso'', HMS ''Challenger'', and the ''Endurance'' and ''Terra Nova''. ==The race to the poles==
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